Rozmno\u017eovanie africk\u00fdch fialiek (Saintpaulia) je prekr\u00e1snou a fascinuj\u00facou lekciou pestovate\u013eskej trpezlivosti. Rozhodne to nie je bleskov\u00fd proces, no moment, ke\u010f prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t uvid\u00edte miniat\u00farne zelen\u00e9 l\u00edstky vy\u00fasti\u0165 z tmavej p\u00f4dy, kompletne zmen\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161 poh\u013ead na izbov\u00e9 rastliny v kvetin\u00e1\u010di. Ak m\u00e1te doma ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fa fialku a t\u00fa\u017eite po jej identick\u00fdch, zdrav\u00fdch klonoch, s na\u0161\u00edm botanick\u00fdm n\u00e1vodom to zvl\u00e1dnete bez probl\u00e9mov. Spr\u00e1vna technika rezania a optim\u00e1lny substr\u00e1t s\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dom k tomu, aby l\u00edstok nezhnil, ale vytvoril bohat\u00fd kore\u0148ov\u00fd syst\u00e9m. Pozrite sa, ako postupova\u0165 krok za krokom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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V\u00fdber ide\u00e1lneho listu: Z\u00e1kladn\u00fd stavebn\u00fd kame\u0148 \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9ho zakorenenia<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Prv\u00fdm a mimoriadne d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm krokom je selekcia spr\u00e1vneho listu. Nikdy si na rozmno\u017eovanie nevyberajte star\u00e9, \u017eltkast\u00e9 alebo unaven\u00e9 listy zo spodn\u00e9ho radu ru\u017eice, a rovnako vynechajte aj pr\u00edli\u0161 mlad\u00e9, jemn\u00e9 a krehk\u00e9 l\u00edstky zo samotn\u00e9ho stredu rastliny. Ide\u00e1lnou vo\u013ebou je odstrihn\u00fa\u0165 zdrav\u00fd list zo stredn\u00e9ho radu fialky. List mus\u00ed by\u0165 pevn\u00fd na dotyk, ma\u0165 s\u00fdtu zelen\u00fa farbu a by\u0165 absol\u00fatne bez vizu\u00e1lnych ch\u00fdb \u010di n\u00e1znakov chor\u00f4b. Pr\u00e1ve tak\u00fdto dospel\u00fd list v sebe koncentruje maxim\u00e1lne mno\u017estvo \u017eivotnej energie a \u017eiv\u00edn, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa nevyhnutn\u00e9 na vybudovanie kompletne novej rastliny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n Tajomstvo \u0161ikm\u00e9ho rezu pod uhlom 45 stup\u0148ov zabr\u00e1ni hnilobe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Akon\u00e1hle m\u00e1te vybran\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vneho kandid\u00e1ta, vezmite si do ruky ostr\u00fa \u017eiletku, skalpel alebo men\u0161ie no\u017enice, ktor\u00e9 ste vopred d\u00f4kladne dezinfikovali alkoholom. Stonku vybran\u00e9ho listu neodstrihnite rovno, ale urobte prec\u00edzny \u0161ikm\u00fd rez pod uhlom 45 stup\u0148ov. Stopku listu nechajte dlh\u00fa pribli\u017ene 3 a\u017e 4 centimetre. Tento \u0161ikm\u00fd rez m\u00e1 obrovsk\u00fd botanick\u00fd v\u00fdznam: v\u00fdrazne zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161uje plochu, z ktorej nesk\u00f4r za\u010dn\u00fa vyrasta\u0165 nov\u00e9 korene, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 \u00fa\u010dinne zabra\u0148uje tomu, aby sa ploch\u00fd koniec stopky pritla\u010dil na dno kvetin\u00e1\u010da, \u010do by viedlo k okam\u017eitej hnilobe kv\u00f4li stojatej vlhkosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00fdsadba listu a vytvorenie mini sklen\u00edka pre optim\u00e1lnu vzdu\u0161n\u00fa vlhkos\u0165<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Klasick\u00fd univerz\u00e1lny substr\u00e1t pre izbov\u00e9 kvety zadr\u017eiava pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ea vody, \u010do je pre fialky nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9. Pre \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9 zakorenenie si namie\u0161ajte ve\u013emi vzdu\u0161n\u00fa a \u013eahk\u00fa zmes zlo\u017een\u00fa z ra\u0161eliny (alebo kokosov\u00e9ho vl\u00e1kna) a perlitu v pomere 1:1. Do mal\u00e9ho plastov\u00e9ho poh\u00e1rika s vyv\u0155tan\u00fdmi odtokov\u00fdmi otvormi nasypte substr\u00e1t, urobte jamku a stopku listu jemne vtla\u010dte do zeme tak, aby samotn\u00e1 listov\u00e1 \u010depe\u013e zostala pevne vzpriamen\u00e1 nad povrchom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n Teraz prich\u00e1dza na rad najlep\u0161\u00ed pestovate\u013esk\u00fd shortcut: kvetin\u00e1\u010d prikryte transparentn\u00fdm plastov\u00fdm poh\u00e1rom alebo \u010dist\u00fdm mikrotenov\u00fdm vreckom. T\u00fdmto sp\u00f4sobom vytvor\u00edte dokonal\u00fd uzavret\u00fd mini sklen\u00edk, ktor\u00fd spo\u013eahlivo udr\u017e\u00ed vysok\u00fa vzdu\u0161n\u00fa vlhkos\u0165 bez potreby neust\u00e1leho zalievania. Cel\u00fd tento proces a d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 technick\u00e9 parametre sme pre v\u00e1s spracovali do preh\u013eadnej tabu\u013eky ni\u017e\u0161ie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u010casov\u00fd harmonogram a podmienky pre rozmno\u017eovanie africk\u00fdch fialiek<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Trpezliv\u00e9 \u010dakanie na prv\u00e9 mlad\u00e9 fialky a ich spr\u00e1vne rozsadzovanie<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Po\u010das cel\u00e9ho obdobia zakore\u0148ovania mus\u00ed by\u0165 p\u00f4da v mini sklen\u00edku iba jemne vlhk\u00e1 na dotyk, nikdy nie prem\u00e1\u010dan\u00e1. Pr\u00edli\u0161n\u00fd nadbytok vody a prelievanie je pre africk\u00e9 fialky najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm nepriate\u013eom \u010d\u00edslo jeden. Kvetin\u00e1\u010d umiestnite na pr\u00edjemn\u00e9 tepl\u00e9 miesto s dostatkom jasn\u00e9ho, av\u0161ak pr\u00edsne rozpt\u00fdlen\u00e9ho svetla (priame slne\u010dn\u00e9 l\u00fa\u010de by l\u00edstok pod plastom sp\u00e1lili).<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n Pribli\u017ene po 6 a\u017e 10 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148och sa stane o\u010dak\u00e1van\u00fd z\u00e1zrak \u2013 priamo na b\u00e1ze odrezanej stopky v zemi sa za\u010dn\u00fa mas\u00edvne prediera\u0165 na svetlo drobn\u00e9 p\u00fa\u010diky a mal\u00e9 l\u00edstky nov\u00fdch mlad\u00fdch fialiek. Ke\u010f tieto mlad\u00e9 ru\u017eice dostato\u010dne narast\u00fa a bud\u00fa ma\u0165 aspo\u0148 3 a\u017e 4 vlastn\u00e9 l\u00edstky, m\u00f4\u017eete ich od matersk\u00e9ho listu ve\u013emi \u0161etrne oddeli\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ka\u017ed\u00fa jednu nov\u00fa mlad\u00fa rastlinku zasa\u010fte samostatne do vlastn\u00e9ho mal\u00e9ho kvetin\u00e1\u010da s v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00fdm substr\u00e1tom. Pri spr\u00e1vnej a pravidelnej starostlivosti, optim\u00e1lnom hnojen\u00ed a ochrane pred chladn\u00fdm prievanom sa z t\u00fdchto mal\u00fdch v\u00fdhonkov vyvin\u00fa siln\u00e9 rastliny. U\u017e v priebehu 6 a\u017e 9 mesiacov od prv\u00e9ho rezu sa do\u010dk\u00e1te n\u00e1dhernej odmeny v podobe bohatej z\u00e1plavy pestrofarebn\u00fdch kvetov. Rovnako \u00faspe\u0161ne, ako zvl\u00e1dnete toto rozmno\u017eovanie, m\u00f4\u017eete pomocou na\u0161ich \u010fal\u0161\u00edch radov zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 napr\u00edklad aj jarn\u00e9 hnojenie jah\u00f4d amoniakom alebo z\u00e1chranu orchidey so zhnit\u00fdmi kore\u0148mi. Ver\u00edme, \u017ee v\u00e1m fialky bud\u00fa robi\u0165 obrovsk\u00fa rados\u0165 a \u00faspe\u0161ne zaplnia va\u0161e okenn\u00e9 parapety.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Rozmno\u017eovanie africk\u00fdch fialiek (Saintpaulia) je prekr\u00e1snou a fascinuj\u00facou lekciou pestovate\u013eskej trpezlivosti. Rozhodne to nie je bleskov\u00fd proces, no moment, ke\u010f prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t uvid\u00edte miniat\u00farne zelen\u00e9 l\u00edstky vy\u00fasti\u0165 z tmavej p\u00f4dy, kompletne […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5983,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5982","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-recept"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wundertricks.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5982","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wundertricks.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wundertricks.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wundertricks.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wundertricks.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5982"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.wundertricks.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5982\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5984,"href":"https:\/\/www.wundertricks.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5982\/revisions\/5984"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wundertricks.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5983"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wundertricks.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5982"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wundertricks.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5982"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wundertricks.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5982"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}F\u00e1za v\u00fdvoja rastliny<\/strong><\/td> Potrebn\u00fd \u010das \/ Trvanie<\/strong><\/td> Ide\u00e1lne prostredie a teplota<\/strong><\/td> Spr\u00e1vna technika a starostlivos\u0165<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead> \u2022 1. Pr\u00edprava a rez listu<\/strong><\/td> Okam\u017eite<\/td> Izbov\u00e1 teplota<\/td> Rez pod uhlom 45\u00b0 pomocou dezinfikovan\u00fdch no\u017en\u00edc; stopka s d\u013a\u017ekou 3-4 cm.<\/td><\/tr> \u2022 2. Tvorba kore\u0148ov v sklen\u00edku<\/strong><\/td> 3 \u2013 5 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov<\/strong><\/td> Jasn\u00e9 rozpt\u00fdlen\u00e9 svetlo, 21 \u2013 24 \u00b0C<\/td> Substr\u00e1t udr\u017eiava\u0165 iba mierne vlhk\u00fd (nie mokr\u00fd!); kvetin\u00e1\u010d prikryt\u00fd plastov\u00fdm krytom.<\/td><\/tr> \u2022 3. V\u00fdskyt mlad\u00fdch v\u00fdhonkov<\/strong><\/td> 6 \u2013 10 t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov<\/strong><\/td> Stabiln\u00e9 teplo, bez priameho slnka<\/td> Na b\u00e1ze stopky sa objavia drobn\u00e9 l\u00edstky. Po ich zosilnen\u00ed m\u00f4\u017eete kryt postupne odstr\u00e1ni\u0165.<\/td><\/tr> \u2022 4. Samostatn\u00e9 kvitnutie<\/strong><\/td> 6 \u2013 9 mesiacov<\/strong><\/td> Klasick\u00e9 okno (v\u00fdchod\/z\u00e1pad)<\/td> Starostliv\u00e9 oddelenie mlad\u00fdch ru\u017e\u00edc do samostatn\u00fdch kvetin\u00e1\u010dov a be\u017en\u00e1 z\u00e1lievka.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n